Medieval art spans roughly from the 5th to the 15th centuries and is characterized by its connection to the Christian Church, as well as its focus on religious themes, symbolism, and the preservation of knowledge through illuminated manuscripts. Here are some key aspects of Medieval art:

Early Christian Art (5th to 7th centuries):

Focuses on the artistic expressions of early Christianity, often found in catacombs, sarcophagi, and basilicas.
Depicts biblical scenes, Christ as the Good Shepherd, and symbolic representations of faith.
Byzantine Art (5th to 15th centuries):

Flourished in the Byzantine Empire (Eastern Roman Empire) and is characterized by its use of gold backgrounds, rich colors, and emphasis on religious symbolism.
Iconography played a significant role, with icons (sacred images) being central to religious worship.
Insular Art (6th to 9th centuries):

Flourished in the British Isles and Ireland, known for intricate illuminated manuscripts like the Book of Kells.
Features intricate interlacing patterns, animal motifs, and vibrant colors.
Romanesque Art (11th to 12th centuries):

Characterized by massive stone walls, rounded arches, and small windows with thick walls, often seen in churches and monasteries.
Sculptural decorations, including intricate portals, tympanums, and reliefs, are common.
Gothic Art (12th to 15th centuries):

Known for its pointed arches, ribbed vaults, and flying buttresses, allowing for taller and more intricate architecture.
Stained glass windows with vibrant colors and narratives from the Bible were a hallmark of Gothic cathedrals.
Sculpture became more naturalistic and was often integrated into the architecture, especially on cathedrals’ facades.
Medieval Manuscripts and Illumination:

Manuscripts were painstakingly created by monks and scribes, often decorated with intricate illustrations and ornamental designs.
Illuminated manuscripts, like the Book of Hours, contained religious texts and were adorned with detailed miniature paintings.
Medieval Sculpture:

Wooden and stone sculptures were common, often depicting saints, biblical figures, and scenes from the life of Christ.
Some sculptures were part of architectural elements, such as capitals and tympanums.
Medieval Painting:

Frescoes and panel paintings were prevalent, often depicting religious themes and narratives.
Artists aimed to convey spiritual messages through symbolic representations.
Throughout the Medieval period, art was deeply intertwined with religious beliefs and practices. The art of this era serves as a visual record of the spiritual, cultural, and historical aspects of European society during that time.